Proceedings of the 5th International Conference " Archaeometallurgy in Europe ", 2021, 618 p. -

This volume collects a number of papers on various archaeometallurgical topics, presented at the 5th International Conference « Archaeometallurgy in Europe » held at the University of Miskolc in 2019, 19-21 June.

Ancient copper metallurgy
- The metallurgical site of “Le Planet” (France): presentation and characterization of an original Neolithic metallurgy (K. Costa, E. Dransart, M. Shah, M. Maillé)
- Multivariate statistical study of lead isotopic data: proposal of a protocol for provenance determination (C. Tomczyk, K. Costa, B. Desachy, P. Brun, C. Petit)
- Synthetic study of the emergence of primary copper sulphide metallurgy (C. Tomczyk, P. Brun, C. Petit)
- The Application of Computer Simulation on Reverse Engineering of Artefacts (D. Molnar, P. Barkoczy, J. G. Tarbay, B. Török)
- Analytical investigations on plate slags from the late Urnfield Period copper mining settlement at Prigglitz-Gasteil (Lower Austria) (R. Haubner, S. Strobl, P. Trebsche)
- Late Bronze Age new statistical and archaeometallurgical artefacts surveys from France and Switzerland (950 to 800 BCE) (K. Costa, P. Brun, B. Mille)
- Development of metallurgical production in N-Eurasia and Europe and its socio-economic background (S. Grigoriev)
- The Emergence and Spread of Tin Bronze Alloying in Prehistoric Iran – The LBA Metallurgy in Sagzabad, Northern Iran (O. Oudbashi, M. Mehofer, S. Bahadori, A. Aliyari, H. Tala'i)

Copper based alloys
- Life Cycles of Metals in the Iron Age (4th – 1 st Century BC). Sourcing and Recycling of Copper Based Alloys (A. Danielisová, D. Bursák, L. Strnad, J. Trubac, M. Fikrle)
- The Kuwano Sword from the Fetish Shrine at Knossos (A. Giumlia-Mair, A. Kanta)
- «...nunc et in Bergomatium agro...» The zinc mining area in the DossenaGorno District near Bergamo as a possible source for Roman Brass (A. Maass, A. Celauro, S. Merkel)
- Non-ferrous metals in Roman (Late Republican and Early Imperial) military equipment from the River Ljubljanica, central Slovenia (J. Istenic, Z. Smit)
- Analyses of Ornaments on Roman Carriage and Horse Equipment from Eastern Serbia (M. M. Stojanovic, T. Tripkovic, D. Ratkovic)
- Copper-based alloy reliquary crosses with niello decoration from North-Eastern Rus': the first studies of the niello composition and the technique of application (I. Zaytseva, E. Greshnikov, E. Kovalenko, M. Murashev, K. Podurets)
- Copper Incense Burner and Bronze Mirrors of the Toretsky Urban Settlement (Bolumer Town) in Tatarstan (S. Valiulina)

Precious metals
- Middle Bronze Age Gold Sheet from Albareto (Parma), Italy (A. Giumlia-Mair, R. Conversi, M. P. Riccardi)
- New Evidence for Sophisticated Goldworking Techniques from Middle Minoan Crete (A. R. Giumlia-Mair, S. C. Ferrence, J. D. Muhly, P. P. Betancourt)
- Celtic gold torcs - An interdisciplinary and diachronic perspective (B. Armbruster et al.)
- Experimental and analytical study of gold parting processes used in ancient times (A. Celauro, D. Loepp, D. Ferro, T. De Caro)
- New investigations made on the 5th century AD horse harnesses from Untersiebenbrunn (Austria) (R. A. Piros, V. Mozgai, B. Bajnóczi)
- Early medieval “gombiky” from Mikulcice: archaeological context, function, occurrence, typology, construction, and characterization of materials and manufacturing processes (S. Krupicková, E. Ottenwelter, L. Polácek, L. Robbiola)
- The manufacture of replicas of early medieval “gombiky” from Mikulcice, Great Moravia, 9th century AD. (L. Barcáková)

Iron
- An insight into iron-making in the Basque Country (Northern Spain): Technical traditions from the First Millennium BC to the later Middle Ages (J. F. Pérez, D. Larreina-García, I. Etxezarraga, X. Alberdi)
- Early Iron Technology in the Circumpolar North (C. Bennerhag, L. Grandin, O. Stilborg, E. Hjärthner-Holdar, K. Söderholm)
- Late Roman smithing workshops from Cascina Castelletto, Pioltello (Milan, Northern Italy) (C. Cucini, S. De Francesco, M. P. Riccardi, M. Tizzoni)
- Metallographic examination of Hungarian Sabres from the 10th Century – first archaeometallurgical approach in the Carpathian Basin by a case study (M. Haramza, B. Török)
- Metallographic examination of nine medieval knives from Sepkovcica, Kobilic and Okuje (Republic of Croatia) (A. Thiele, J. Hosek, N. Antonic, M. Haramza)
- The Problem of Studying Sources of Raw Materials for Medieval Craft Centers: Results from the Site of Istye 2 (Russia) (V. I. Zavyalov, N. N. Terekhova)